2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语一衡水金卷先享题分科综合卷

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30.What can be concluded from the study?26.In which aspect is Ocean-Shot Project different from other projects?D.Its influence.A.Hair will stop growing as it ages.B.Gray hair will no longer matureA.Its aim.B.Its duration.C.Its focus.27.What can we say about the work of Brosnan's team?C.Stuck McSCs cause hair to turn gray.D.Gray hair can eventually grow normal.A.Controllable.B.Controversial.C.Adventurous.D.Significant.31.What did Qi Sun express in the last paragraph?A.The potential application of the finding.CB.The principle behind the result of the study.Certain stem cells have a unique ability to move between growth compartments (inC.The basic understanding of MeSCs.hair follicles ()but get stuck as people age and so lose their ability to mature andD.The possibility of developing hair follicle compartments.maintain hair color,a new study shows.Led by researchers from NYU Grossman School of Medicine,the new work focused on0cells in the skin of mice and also found in humans called melanocyte stem cells,or MeSCs.Using first-of-their-kind observations from the James Webb Space Telescope,aHair color is controlled by whether nonfunctional but continually multiplying pools of MeSCsUniversity of Minnesota Twin Cities-led team looked more than 13 billion years into the pastwithin hair follicles get the signal to become mature cells that make the protein pigmentto discover a unique,minuscule galaxy cluster (that generated new stars at anextremely high rate for its size.The galaxy is one of the smallest ever discovered at thisresponsible for color.The new study showed that McSCs are remarkably plastic.This means that during normal hairdistancearound 500 million years after the Big Bang-and could help astronomers learn moregrowth,such cells continually move back and forth between maturity and immaturity as theyabout galaxies that were present shortly after the universe came into existence.move between compartments of the developing hair follicle.It is inside these compartmentsThe James Webb Space lelescope can observe a wide enough field to image an entire galaxythat MeSCs are exposed to different levels of maturity-influencing protein signals.cluster at once.The researchers were able to find and study this new,tiny galaxy because of aSpecifically,the research team found that McSCs transform between their most primitivephenomenon called gravitational lensing(写引力透镜)，where mass,such as that in a galaxy or长stem cell state and the next stage of their maturation,depending on their location.galaxy cluster,bends and magnifies (light.A galaxy cluster lens caused this smallThe researchers found that as hair ages,comes off,and then repeatedly grows back,background galaxy to appear 20 times brighter than it would if the cluster were not magnifyingincreasing numbers of McSCs get stuck in the stem cell compartment.They remain there,doits light.not mature into the transit-amplifying state,and do not travel back to their original location inThe researchers then measured how far away the galaxy was,in addition to some of itsthe germ compartment,where they regenerate into pigment cells.physical and chemical properties.Studying galaxies that were present when the universe was"Our study adds to our basic understanding ef how MeSCs work to color hair,"said studythis much younger can help scientists get closer to answering a huge question in astronomylead investigator Qi Sun,PhD,a postdoctoral fellow at NYU Langone Health."Theabout how the universe became reionized(再电离的).newfound mechanisms raise the possibility that the same fixed-positioning of McSCs may exist"The galaxies that existed when the universe was in its primary stage are very differentin humans.If so,it presents a potential pathway for changing over or preventing the gravingfrom what we see in the nearby universe now,"explained Hayley Williams,first author on theof human hair by helping jammed cells to move again between developing hair folliclepaper and a Phstudent at the Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics."This discovery can helpcompartments.us learn more about the characteristics of those first galaxies,how they differ from nearby28.What is the function of mature McSCs?galaxies,and how the earlier galaxies formed.""The James Webb Space Telescope can collect about 10 times as much light as the HubbleA.Receiving maturity signal.B.Making protein pigments.Space Telescope and is much more sensitive at redder,longer wavelengths.This allowsscientists to access an entirely new window of data,"the researchers said.C.Stopping hair from being colored.D.Sending maturity-influencing protein signals.32.What does the underlined word "minuscule"in paragraph 1 mean?29.What determines the state of McSCs?A.Extremely small.B.Remarkably dark.A.Their quantity.C.Especially remote.D.Quite complicated.B.Their growing time.33.What can a galaxy cluster lens do?C.Their size.A.Enlarge the size of the galaxy.B.Beautify the image of the galaxy.D.Their positionC.Shorten the distance of the galaxy.D.Make the small galaxy look brighter,【高三英语第5页（共10页）】·24-03C·【高三英语第6页（共10页）】·24-03C